Dados do Trabalho

Título

Should young adults have been prioritized in Coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination programs? A retrospective cohort study

Objetivo

The SARS-CoV-2 is characterised by high transmissibility and low mortality rate. Then, to evaluate a frequency, adjusted odds ratios of admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), use of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), and deaths, as well as, 28-day survival between young (< 60 years) and older (> 60 years) hospitalized COVID-19 patients after receiving at least one dose of vaccine against SARS-CoV-2.

Métodos

This retrospective cohort study analyzed data of patients hospitalized from 1 July 2020 to 30 June 2022. Patients were enrolled if they were 18 years of age or older, confirmed positive for COVID-19 by RT-PCR test, and admitted to the hospital Alfa.

Resultados

In this study, 1.921 patients were included, of whom 1,118 (58.2%) were older. When odds ratios (OR) were adjusted for deaths, the vaccine’s protective and cumulative effect was significantly higher for the young at all doses tested: first dose [OR: 0.220 (IC: 0.160-0.320) versus 0.358 (IC: 0.276-0.464)], second dose [OR: 0.084 (IC: 0.050-0.142) versus 0.216 (IC: 0.162-0.286)] and third dose [OR: 0.009 (IC: 0.001-0.063) versus 0.062 (IC: 0.039-0.099)] compared to older patients. After three doses of the vaccines, 28-day survival was 98.7% in young and 89.4% for older patients (p = 0.011).

Conclusão

Vaccines were much more effective and had a higher cumulative effect at reducing illness severity and death in young hospitalized COVID-19 patients than older ones, and young adults should be prioritized in vaccination programs against viral epidemics or pandemics in the future.